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==Worcester firsts== * The Declaration of Independence was first publicly read in Massachusetts by Isaiah Thomas in Worcester in July 1776.〔(Declaration of Independence: First Public Readings )〕 * The monkey wrench was invented by Loring Coes of the Coes Knife Company in 1840.〔(Regional Info >> Unique Worcester County Facts )〕 * In 1847, the first commercial valentine was mass-produced in Worcester by Esther Howland.〔(Valentine Exhibition- Origins of the Valentine )〕 * Worcester blacksmith Albert Tolman is said to have invented the rickshaw in 1848 for a missionary traveling to South America (There are, however, numerous other theories about the origin of the rickshaw.)〔 * The first national convention of women advocating women's suffrage was held in Worcester on October 23 and 24, 1850.〔 * Worcester resident Joshua C. Stoddard invented the steam calliope in 1855.〔(Mechanical Music Digest - Calliope )〕 * Candy Cummings is reputed to have thrown the first ever curveball pitch in Worcester in 1867 while playing for the Brooklyn Stars. It was a strike.〔 * Lee Richmond of the Worcesters pitched the first perfect game in major league baseball history on June 12, 1880.〔 * Candlepin bowling was first developed in Worcester in 1880. * The founding meeting of the American Psychology Association was held at Clark University in 1892.〔(Psychology Department ~ Clark University )〕 * Worcester resident Henry Perky became the first to mass-produce shredded wheat in 1895.〔 * Between September 6–10, 1909, Sigmund Freud delivered his only American lectures at Clark University ("Five Lectures on Psycho-Analysis" later published as "On Psychoanalysis"). Carl Jung joined him, and William James attended. * Albert A. Michelson, chairman of Clark University's Physics Department, was named America's first Nobel Prize winner in 1902 for his experiments relating to his calculation of the speed of light.〔(Albert Abraham Michelson 1852-1931 )〕 * Dr. Robert H. Goddard of Worcester Polytechnic Institute's class of 1908 and later Clark University patented the first liquid fuel rocket in 1914. * The combined oral contraceptive pill was developed by the Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology in the Worcester suburb of Shrewsbury.〔 * Charles Olson, a poet and Worcester native, coined the term "postmodern" in his 1958 essay "The Present is Prologue". * Harvey Ball designed the world famous Smiley face in 1963.〔 * Charles Hill Morgan patented a direct-action hydraulic elevator and installed the first one. * The David Clark Company designed and built a pressure suit for Felix Baumgartner's world-record skydive attempt in 2010. The jump, if successful, will make the suit (and Felix) the first to travel supersonic in free-fall. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Worcester, Massachusetts Firsts」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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